Desalination of Saline Water: A Review
Desalination of Saline Water
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/mjz.v3i1.36Keywords:
saline water, desalination, graphene oxide, halophilic microbesAbstract
Water is the most important requirement for life that is used for different purposes such as drinking, bathing, laundry and for many other various industrial applications. Clean water is the basic need of every human being. But the fresh water availability is limited now a days. Scarcity of water and untrustworthy water quality are the most important and major problems, so to attain the best water quality, desalinization of saline water is the alternate way to get the pure water and to improve the quality of life. Sea water covered almost the 94 % of the earth’s surface and support the various commercial purposes. Saline water originates from different other sources as well such as agriculture, aquacultures and many other industries including chemical, pharmaceutical industries. Saline water contains high amount of salt concentration and other contaminants, which affects the terrestrial and aquatic both lives. Desalination of saline water, is done to eradicate minerals including salts, from saline water. Thus, the treatment of saline water for the removal of contaminants and salt from the water is the important task now a days in many countries. Many different conventional methods are used for the treating of saline water, but all these methods are costly and has limited applications for limited areas. Generally saline water is treated with the chemical and physical methods. Biological methods and nanobiotechnology are also used now a days. This review highlights the different conventional and non-conventional, nanobiotechnology based and biological based methods that are used for the water desalination.
References
Micale G, Cipollina A & Rizzuti L. Seawater desalination for freshwater production. In Seawater desalination,2009:1-15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Tuteja G. A Review on Various Methods of Seawater Desalination.2017.
Jesus JM, Cassoni AC, Danko AS, Fiúza A & Borges MT. Role of three different plants on simultaneous salt and nutrient reduction from saline synthetic wastewater in lab-scale constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 2017.579: 447-455. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.074
Zhao Y, Zhuang X, Ahmad S, Sung S & Ni SQ. Biotreatment of high-salinity wastewater: Current methods and future directions. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020,36(3), 1-11. doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-02815-4
Abou-Elela SI, Kamel MM & Fawzy ME. Biological treatment of saline wastewater using a salt-tolerant microorganism. Desalination, 2010,250(1): 1-5. doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2009.03.022
Subramani A & Jacangelo JG. Treatment technologies for reverse osmosis concentrate volume minimization: A review. Separation and Purification Technology, 2014,122: 472-489. doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.004.
Woolard CR and Irvine RL. Biological Treatment of Hypersaline Wastewater by a Biofilm of Halophilic Bacteria. Water Environment Research, 1994, 66(3): 230-235. doi:10.2175/WER.66.3.8
Marshall NA & Bailey PC. Impact of secondary salinisation on freshwater ecosystems: effects of contrasting, experimental, short-term releases of saline wastewater on macroinvertebrates in a lowland stream. Marine and Freshwater Research, 2004,55(5): 509-523.doi: 10.1071/MF03018
Muschal M. Assessment of risk to aquatic biota from elevated salinity—a case study from the Hunter River, Australia. Journal of environmental management, 2006,79(3): 266-278. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.08.002.
Fu F & Wang Q. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. Journal of environmental management, 2011,92(3): 407-418. doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011
Su J, Huang F & Zhu Y. Antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. Biodiversity Science, 2013,21(4): 481. doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1197.
Liang Y, Zhu H, Bañuelos G, Yan B, Zhou Q, Yu X & Cheng X. Constructed wetlands for saline wastewater treatment: A review. Ecological Engineering, 2017, 98: 275-285. doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.11.005.
Younos T & Tulou KE. Overview of desalination techniques. Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education, 2005,132(1): 3-10.
Selvi SR & Baskaran R. Desalination of well water by solar power membrane distillation and reverse osmosis and its efficiency analysis. International Journal of ChemTech Research,2014, 6(5): 2628-2636.
El-Dessouky HT, Ettouney HM & Al-Juwayhel F. Multiple effect evaporation—vapour compression desalination processes. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2000, 78(4): 662-676. doi.org/10.1205/026387600527626
Lu Z & Xu L. Freezing desalination process. Thermal desalination processes, 2.2010. doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101685.
Anand A, Unnikrishnan B, Mao JY, Lin HJ & Huang CC. Graphene-based nanofiltration membranes for improving salt rejection, water flux and antifouling–A review. Desalination, 2018, 429: 119-133. doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2017.12.012.
Huang JL, Wang HH, Alam F & Cui YW. Granulation of halophilic sludge inoculated with estuarine sediments for saline wastewater treatment. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 682: 532-540. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.197.
Anderson MA, Cudero AL & Palma J. Capacitive deionization as an electrochemical means of saving energy and delivering clean water. Comparison to present desalination practices: Will it compete?. Electrochimica Acta, 2010, 55(12): 3845-3856. doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.012.
Dashtpour R & Al-Zubaidy SN. Energy efficient reverse osmosis desalination process. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2012, 3(4): 339.
Greenlee LF, Lawler DF, Freeman BD, Marrot B & Moulin P. Reverse osmosis desalination: water sources, technology, and today's challenges. Water research, 2009, 43(9): 2317-2348. doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.010.
Pangarkar BL, Sane MG & Guddad M. Reverse osmosis and membrane distillation for desalination of groundwater: a review. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2011, 200: Article ID 523124, doi.org/10.5402/2011/523124
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 MARKHOR (The Journal of Zoology)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments editor@markhorjournal.com
